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楽器の割り当てを変えた別バージョン",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5256,"children":5257},{},[5258],{"type":29,"value":5259},"に差し替えると、「ちょっと単調かな」→「おおー」となりました。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5261,"children":5262},{},[5263],{"type":29,"value":5264},"　「擦弦楽器」と「人の声」がはいると、人間味が増すようです。最近の音楽作成ソフトには、発音タイミング・音量・音程などを微妙にばらつかせる「ヒューマナイズ機能」を備えたものもあります。同じ曲のCDを何枚も買ってしまうのは、「演奏」自体が芸術だからといえます。鑑賞するときは、いい録音をいい再生機器で聴きたいものです。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":5266,"children":5267},{},[],{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5269,"children":5270},{},[5271,5277],{"type":24,"tag":75,"props":5272,"children":5274},{"href":5273},"\u002Farticles\u002Fmusic-instrument",[5275],{"type":29,"value":5276},"🔗相棒と呼べる電子楽器を求めて",{"type":29,"value":4387},{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5279,"children":5280},{},[5281],{"type":29,"value":5282},"”電子楽器は、デジタル技術による量産化で広く普及してきたが、内蔵音源は「不規則性」がないため味気ない音になりがち。”",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5284,"children":5285},{},[5286],{"type":29,"value":4397},{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5288,"children":5289},{},[5290],{"type":29,"value":5291},"　楽器音と同じく、曲も「規則性」と「不規則性」のバランスが大切です。Abundant Music は、オープンに試行錯誤・再現できます。音楽理論の知識がなくてもOK、あるとさらに楽しめます。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5293,"children":5294},{},[5295],{"type":29,"value":5296},"　長調・短調、2・3・4拍子、Sus2・Sus4・隣接・通過コード、メロディー・ベースラインのモチーフ・リズム、トニック・ドミナント終止形……などたくさんのパラメーターの意味を理解して指定すれば、もっとねらい通りのものを出せるようになるでしょう。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5298,"children":5299},{},[5300],{"type":29,"value":5301},"　入門しやすく奥が深いツールで、夢がふくらみます。音楽教育にも大いに役立ちそうです。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5303,"children":5304},{"style":3938},[5305,5306],{"type":29,"value":3941},{"type":24,"tag":75,"props":5307,"children":5309},{"href":5308},"#ozashin",[5310],{"type":29,"value":5311}," OzaShinの 誰でもわかる 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……にあるように、学校の教員による著作権侵害が相次いでいます。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5336,"children":5337},{},[5338],{"type":29,"value":5339},"　ハダノは学校紹介の動画のBGMには神経をとがらせ、他校の教頭たちにも注意をうながしていました。自校で作ったもの以外も安心できません。学校行事のようすを地元のケーブルTVが放送したり、保護者がSNSにアップしたりということを考えると、行事で使う音楽の著作権が気になります。可能な限り、クラシックのフリーMIDIを自分でミックスダウンして使うようにしていました。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5341,"children":5342},{},[5343,5345,5349],{"type":29,"value":5344},"　オリジナル曲であれば、この苦労から解放されます。Abundant Music 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インプレスの「できるシリーズ」は、知りたいことに的確にこたえてくれます。ハダノは何度も助けられました。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":5923,"children":5924},{},[],{"type":29,"value":5926},"「できるICT授業」は、無償配布されているので、学校教育に役立てるとよいでしょう。",{"type":29,"value":771},{"type":24,"tag":741,"props":5929,"children":5931},{"className":5930},[808,809],[5932,5933,5942,5943,5953,5954,5964],{"type":29,"value":812},{"type":24,"tag":741,"props":5934,"children":5935},{},[5936],{"type":24,"tag":75,"props":5937,"children":5940},{"className":5938,"target":755,"rel":5939,"href":5890},[819,820],[757],[5941],{"type":29,"value":824},{"type":29,"value":826},{"type":24,"tag":741,"props":5944,"children":5945},{},[5946],{"type":24,"tag":75,"props":5947,"children":5951},{"className":5948,"target":755,"rel":5949,"href":5950},[819,833],[757],"https:\u002F\u002Faf.moshimo.com\u002Faf\u002Fc\u002Fclick?a_id=3539938&p_id=170&pc_id=185&pl_id=4062&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.co.jp%2Fdp%2FB0854HHHQX",[5952],{"type":29,"value":838},{"type":29,"value":826},{"type":24,"tag":741,"props":5955,"children":5956},{},[5957],{"type":24,"tag":75,"props":5958,"children":5962},{"className":5959,"target":755,"rel":5960,"href":5961},[819,846],[757],"https:\u002F\u002Fck.jp.ap.valuecommerce.com\u002Fservlet\u002Freferral?sid=3651993&pid=887947441&vc_url=https%3A%2F%2Fstore.shopping.yahoo.co.jp%2Febookjapan%2Fb00162336743.html%3Fsc_i%3Dshp_pc_search_itemlist_shsrg_img",[5963],{"type":29,"value":851},{"type":29,"value":771},{"type":29,"value":747},{"title":8,"searchDepth":1636,"depth":1636,"links":5967},[5968,5975],{"id":5592,"depth":1636,"text":5563,"children":5969},[5970,5971,5972,5973,5974],{"id":5597,"depth":139,"text":5600},{"id":5630,"depth":139,"text":5633},{"id":5678,"depth":139,"text":5681},{"id":5744,"depth":139,"text":5747},{"id":5784,"depth":139,"text":5787},{"id":5836,"depth":1636,"text":5839},"content:articles:cg-usagi.md","articles\u002Fcg-usagi.md","articles\u002Fcg-usagi",{"_path":5273,"_dir":6,"_draft":7,"_partial":7,"_locale":8,"title":5980,"description":5981,"category":5982,"tag":5983,"thumbnail":5984,"createdAt":5985,"updatedAt":5986,"body":5987,"_type":1649,"_id":6968,"_source":1651,"_file":6969,"_stem":6970,"_extension":1654},"相棒と呼べる電子楽器を求めて","物理モデリング音源Respiroを編集して、ユニークな音を作ってみた",[12],[3081,1663,16],"synths.jpg","2022\u002F11\u002F1","2022\u002F11\u002F18",{"type":21,"children":5988,"toc":6958},[5989,5994,5999,6004,6009,6018,6021,6027,6032,6035,6040,6043,6048,6053,6058,6061,6067,6072,6077,6082,6087,6091,6097,6102,6107,6112,6130,6133,6138,6143,6148,6155,6160,6165,6170,6175,6180,6185,6190,6195,6200,6205,6208,6214,6219,6224,6229,6234,6238,6243,6248,6253,6258,6263,6266,6285,6289,6294,6299,6313,6316,6321,6329,6334,6339,6342,6347,6355,6360,6365,6368,6373,6381,6386,6391,6394,6399,6407,6412,6417,6420,6425,6433,6438,6443,6448,6451,6457,6513,6518,6526,6531,6544,6549,6572,6577,6581,6584,6608,6613,6621,6624,6630,6683,6687,6780,6784,6877,6881],{"type":24,"tag":41,"props":5990,"children":5992},{"id":5991},"物理モデリング音源respiroを編集してユニークな音を作ってみた",[5993],{"type":29,"value":5981},{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":5995,"children":5996},{},[5997],{"type":29,"value":5998},"　音楽でDX（デジタル変革）というと、ネット配信だけでなく電子楽器の活用が思い浮かぶでしょう。「電子楽器は簡単で便利だけど、味気ない」と思っていませんか。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6000,"children":6001},{},[6002],{"type":29,"value":6003},"　この記事では、楽器を習ったことのないハダノが、「相棒」と呼べるほど一体感を得られる電子楽器を求めて取り組んだことを紹介します。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6005,"children":6006},{},[6007],{"type":29,"value":6008},"　物理モデリング音源Respiro（レスピロ）で、Hark（ハーク）というユニークな音を作ってみました。自分の理想の音さえイメージできれば、Respiroのプリセット音色に編集を加えて、新しい「楽器」をPC上に作ることができるのです。HarkをiPadに転送し、外に持ち出して演奏することもできます。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6010,"children":6011},{"style":3938},[6012,6013],{"type":29,"value":3941},{"type":24,"tag":75,"props":6014,"children":6016},{"href":6015},"#softsynth",[6017],{"type":29,"value":3947},{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":6019,"children":6020},{},[],{"type":24,"tag":63,"props":6022,"children":6024},{"id":6023},"電子楽器の内蔵音源はリアルに進化したけれどfm音源-サンプリング音源",[6025],{"type":29,"value":6026},"電子楽器の内蔵音源はリアルに進化したけれど……（FM音源 → サンプリング音源）",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6028,"children":6029},{},[6030],{"type":29,"value":6031},"　ハダノが20代のころ、毎日帰りの会で歌声活動をしていました。ラジカセと並んで重宝していたのが、ショルダーキーボードです。乾電池で動き、いろんな音色が選べ、リズムやコードを自動で演奏する機能までありました。ただ、FM音源という基本の波形を変調して合成する方式だったため、いかにもシンセっぽい音色でした。合唱練習用の伴奏楽器としては十分でしたが、ソロ楽器としては力不足でした。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":6033,"children":6034},{},[],{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6036,"children":6037},{},[6038],{"type":29,"value":6039},"　21世紀になり、大容量で安価な半導体メモリの普及と同時に、サンプリング音源が一般的になってきました。生の楽器音を録音して記憶・再生する方式のため、一音一音がとてもリアルです。コロナ禍の巣ごもり需要で、この方式の電子楽器がかなり売れたようです。ハダノ家にも電子キーボード（妻用）とウインドシンセがあります。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":6041,"children":6042},{},[],{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6044,"children":6045},{},[6046],{"type":29,"value":6047},"　サンプリング音源の電子楽器の音色は、確かに本物そっくりです。何十種類も選べるし、調律不要で正確な音程が出せるので、最初は満足です。しかし、しだいに違和感を覚えるようになります。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6049,"children":6050},{},[6051],{"type":29,"value":6052},"　ボーリングに例えると、FM音源は、ガーターなしレーンでの幼児の投球です。現実にはありえないジグザクな軌道でもピンは倒れます。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6054,"children":6055},{},[6056],{"type":29,"value":6057},"　一方、サンプリング音源は、レーンごとに有名プロ選手のベストの軌道が刻まれています。だれが何度投げてもきれいな軌道のストライクになります。こんなボーリングをやっていると、味気なく感じるはずです。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":6059,"children":6060},{},[],{"type":24,"tag":63,"props":6062,"children":6064},{"id":6063},"電子楽器は外部音源ソフトシンセで鳴らせ",[6065],{"type":29,"value":6066},"電子楽器は外部音源（ソフトシンセ）で鳴らせ",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6068,"children":6069},{},[6070],{"type":29,"value":6071},"　内蔵音源は、基本的に編集できません。電子楽器に加えられた操作が同じであれば、全く同じ音になります。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6073,"children":6074},{},[6075],{"type":29,"value":6076},"　電子楽器の場合、この操作の情報を記録・送信することができます。MIDI（ミディ）という万国共通言語でやりとりすれば、外部音源で鳴らすことができるのです。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6078,"children":6079},{},[6080],{"type":29,"value":6081},"　ソフトシンセ（PCのソフトウェアで作られたシンセサイザー）を外部音源として使えば、簡単に音色を入れ替えることができます。演奏を記録したMIDIファイル1つから、さまざまな楽器版の音楽ファイルを作ることができるのです。デジタルのメリットを最大限生かそうと思えば、電子楽器は内蔵音源よりソフトシンセで鳴らす方がよいといえます。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6083,"children":6084},{},[6085],{"type":29,"value":6086},"　音楽DXも、ソフトウェア・ファーストで進めたいものです。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":6088,"children":6090},{"id":6089},"physicalmodeling",[],{"type":24,"tag":63,"props":6092,"children":6094},{"id":6093},"ソフトシンセ第3の方式物理モデリング音源",[6095],{"type":29,"value":6096},"ソフトシンセ第3の方式、物理モデリング音源",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6098,"children":6099},{},[6100],{"type":29,"value":6101},"　ソフトシンセには、FM音源、サンプリング音源の他に第3の方式があります。物理モデリング音源です。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6103,"children":6104},{},[6105],{"type":29,"value":6106},"　これは、PC上で仮想の楽器を組み立て、これを操作して音を作り出すというものです。ボーリングの例えでいえば、選手の癖を学習させた補助具を付けて投球するようなものです。どんな学習をさせるか、癖をどう生かすかで毎回違う軌道になります。現実に存在しない選手をモデルにすることも可能です。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6108,"children":6109},{},[6110],{"type":29,"value":6111},"　ソフトシンセには、音源をいじれる自由があります。「（静的な）音色」と「反応」について、各方式を比較してみると……",{"type":24,"tag":107,"props":6113,"children":6114},{},[6115,6120,6125],{"type":24,"tag":111,"props":6116,"children":6117},{},[6118],{"type":29,"value":6119},"FM音源は、音色自由度：大、反応自由度：大。現実の楽器に近い音色にするのは困難。現実離れした音色になりやすい。反応がよく、演奏の手ごたえあり。",{"type":24,"tag":111,"props":6121,"children":6122},{},[6123],{"type":29,"value":6124},"サンプリング音源は、音色自由度：小、反応自由度：小。一音一音はリアルだが、演奏者のアクションに伴う音色の変化に乏しく、平板になりがち。",{"type":24,"tag":111,"props":6126,"children":6127},{},[6128],{"type":29,"value":6129},"物理モデリング音源は、音色自由度：小～中、反応自由度：大。ピアノのモデルでハープは作れるがオルガンは無理。工夫しだいで豊かな表情が出てくる可能性あり。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":6131,"children":6132},{},[],{"type":24,"tag":63,"props":6134,"children":6136},{"id":6135},"量産化の裏で失われたもの",[6137],{"type":29,"value":6135},{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6139,"children":6140},{},[6141],{"type":29,"value":6142},"　今の世の中には、さまざまな音楽があふれています。生で聴くしかなかった時代から、録音・再生できる時代、修練なしにデジタル技術で音楽制作できる時代へと移り変わってきました。特権階級の占有物だった音楽が一般大衆のものへと解放されたのです。量産化のたまものといえます。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6144,"children":6145},{},[6146],{"type":29,"value":6147},"　どんなに録音・再生技術が進んでも、やはり生の音楽にはかなわないと感じる瞬間があります。何か大事なものが失われるのです。ハダノはこの秋、２つのコンサートに行きました。",{"type":24,"tag":6149,"props":6150,"children":6152},"h4",{"id":6151},"バッハコレギウムジャパン",[6153],{"type":29,"value":6154},"バッハ・コレギウム・ジャパン",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6156,"children":6157},{},[6158],{"type":29,"value":6159},"　大学生のころからバロック音楽（バッハの時代の音楽）を当時の楽器で演奏する団体に熱中していたのに、生の古楽器オーケストラは初体験でした。曲目は、バッハのブランデンブルク協奏曲です。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6161,"children":6162},{},[6163],{"type":29,"value":6164},"　第1番は、ホルン2・オーボエ3と編成の大きい曲です。ずっと騒ぎ立てるのではなくて、少数の楽器だけが演奏され、他は沈黙してじっくり聴かせる部分が多いと感じました。ファゴットがトリオで存在感を出していました。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6166,"children":6167},{},[6168],{"type":29,"value":6169},"　第2番は、トランペットとリコーダーというモダン楽器では考えられない組み合わせですが、古楽器ではバランスよく響いていました。バルブなしのトランペットで音程を保つのは至難の技ですが、胸にぐっとくるものがありました。キーの少ないバロックオーボエの音色は、哀愁よりも力強さを感じさせるものでした。",{"type":24,"tag":216,"props":6171,"children":6174},{"src":6172,"alt":6173,"width":220},"\u002Fimg\u002Fnaturaltrumpet.jpg","ナチュラルトランペット",[],{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6176,"children":6177},{},[6178],{"type":29,"value":6179},"　第3番は、管楽器がありません。モノトーンで物足りないかなと思う間もなく、低音弦が響きに厚みを加え、ヨハネ受難曲冒頭のような劇的表現を作り上げていました。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6181,"children":6182},{},[6183],{"type":29,"value":6184},"　第4番は、リコーダーの太田光子さんが日ごろ忘れがちな感情を深いところから掘り起こすような表現をしていました。特に第2楽章ラストで大きく楽器を回していました。歌口からの空気の束が一定のリコーダーでどんな効果があるのか不思議でした。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6186,"children":6187},{},[6188],{"type":29,"value":6189},"　第5番は、鈴木優人さんのチェンバロを堪能できました。S席なのに第5番以外のチェンバロははっきり聞こえません。だからといってピアノで演奏するのは違う気がします。フラウト・トラヴェルソはモダンフルートと違って木製でほとんどキーがありません。クロスフィンガリングの複雑な運指をありえない速度でこなしていました。音は小さくくすんでいますが、他の楽器の音とよく溶け合う音色で全体の響きをまとめていました。",{"type":24,"tag":216,"props":6191,"children":6194},{"src":6192,"alt":6193,"width":220},"\u002Fimg\u002Ftraverso.jpg","フラウト・トラヴェルソ",[],{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6196,"children":6197},{},[6198],{"type":29,"value":6199},"　第6番は、ヴァイオリンがありません。バロックヴァイオリンの名手である寺神戸亮さんはヴィオラを弾いていました。フル出場です。半拍ずれたカノンによって奏でられる旋律がはっきり聴き取れました。ビィオラ・ダ・ガンバの渋みのある音色もチェロと一味違う魅力があると感じました。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6201,"children":6202},{},[6203],{"type":29,"value":6204},"　全体を通して、古楽器とモダン楽器の違いについての気づきがありました。大衆化・量産化のために、音量の増大・音域の拡大・音程の安定・音質の均一化など多くの点で進化してきたことがわかりました。一方で失われたものもあり、作曲家の意図したバランス・ニュアンスを変えてしまうこともあります。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":6206,"children":6207},{},[],{"type":24,"tag":6149,"props":6209,"children":6211},{"id":6210},"南里沙クロマチックハーモニカ",[6212],{"type":29,"value":6213},"南里沙（クロマチックハーモニカ）",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6215,"children":6216},{},[6217],{"type":29,"value":6218},"　YouTubeで時々見ている南里沙さんに会えるというので、アークヒルズカフェのディナーコンサートに行きました。",{"type":24,"tag":216,"props":6220,"children":6223},{"src":6221,"alt":6222,"width":220},"\u002Fimg\u002Fminami_risa.jpg","南里沙",[],{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6225,"children":6226},{},[6227],{"type":29,"value":6228},"　10曲すべて、生ならではの迫力でした。クロマチックハーモニカは、同じ自由リード楽器のアコーディオンと音色が似ています。しかし、ピアソラの「リベルタンゴ」では切れ味の鋭さを感じました。モーツァルトの「夜の女王のアリア」は、うなるような音で復讐心を表現していました。この楽器の奥深い可能性を南さんが引き出していると感じました。ドイツHOHNER社独特の深みのある音色も耳に残りました。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6230,"children":6231},{},[6232],{"type":29,"value":6233},"　「ああ、こんな音色が作れたらなあ」と思った瞬間でした。",{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":6235,"children":6237},{"id":6236},"fukisokusei",[],{"type":24,"tag":6149,"props":6239,"children":6241},{"id":6240},"古い音にはいろいろな人間の感情を表現する力がある",[6242],{"type":29,"value":6240},{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":6244,"children":6245},{},[6246],{"type":29,"value":6247},"　NHK美の壺「楽器の王様 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に",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":8224,"children":8225},{},[8226],{"type":29,"value":8227},"　すべてフリーソフトでだれでもできる。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":8229,"children":8230},{},[8231,8233],{"type":29,"value":8232},"　nuRpa（ヌルパ）で自動実行すれば、さらに楽ちん！\n",{"type":24,"tag":216,"props":8234,"children":8237},{"src":8235,"alt":8222,"className":8236},"\u002Fimg\u002Fvectorq-min.gif",[425],[],{"type":24,"tag":32,"props":8239,"children":8240},{},[],{"type":24,"tag":41,"props":8242,"children":8244},{"id":8243},"自動化の技術的な話",[8245],{"type":29,"value":8243},{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":8247,"children":8248},{},[8249],{"type":29,"value":8250},"　教員の働き方改革のためにもRPA（ロボティック・プロセス・オートメーション）などで自動化することが求められています。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":8252,"children":8253},{},[8254],{"type":29,"value":8255},"　マウスやタッチでの直感的な操作（GUI）は、初心者にはやさしいが、熟練者やコンピュータには扱いづらいものです。キーボードでコマンドをテキスト入力する操作（CUI）の方が、動作が軽く、記録・共有しやすいので処理を自動化しやすいといえます。デザイナーとプログラマーの間の溝もこれが原因でしょう。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":8257,"children":8258},{},[8259],{"type":29,"value":8260},"　『コマンドラインで実行→キーボードで操作→マウスで操作』の順に自動化が難しくなります。操作対象を特定するためには、オブジェクト認識、画像認識、さらにはAI活用も必要になってきます。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":8262,"children":8263},{},[8264],{"type":29,"value":8265},"　現在のruRpaでは、「①原画をSVGに変換、②完成画とぬりえのSVGを作成、③SVGをPNGに変換」は、コマンドラインで実行し、「④分割印刷用PDFを作成」は、キーボード操作を自動化しています。プログラムの行数を比較すると、①～③の平均16行に対し、④は158行で10倍ものコード量となっているのです。",{"type":24,"tag":25,"props":8267,"children":8268},{},[8269],{"type":29,"value":8270},"　モダンな開発環境（VS 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